The differential is a device that splits the engine torque two ways, allowing each output to spin at a different speed. The differential is found on all modern cars and trucks, and also in many all-wheel-drive (full-time four-wheel-drive)
vehicles. These all-wheel-drive vehicles need a differential between
each set of drive wheels, and they need one between the front and the
back wheels as well, because the front wheels travel a different
distance through a turn than the rear wheels. Part-time four-wheel-drive systems don't have a differential between
the front and rear wheels; instead, they are locked together so that the
front and rear wheels have to turn at the same average speed. This is
why these vehicles are hard to turn on concrete when the
four-wheel-drive system is engaged.
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